Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing trick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.
据儿童消费史学家丹尼尔·库克所说，事实证明，这种做法是服装制造商在20世纪30年代为了促销而推广的一种营销手段。
fully understood by clothing manufacturers
被服装制造商完全理解
The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles.
这一进展部分得益于汽车制造商，他们正在大力押注于电池驱动的电动汽车。
That’s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers—who must pay fees or buy better vehicles—rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.
这是因为这些措施不可避免地将治理空气污染的成本转嫁给个人司机——他们必须支付费用或购买更好的车辆——而不是转嫁给那些因作弊而真正导致我们有毒污染的汽车制造商。
We’re doing everything but insist that manufacturers clean up their cars.
我们正在做一切努力，但坚持要求汽车制造商清理他们的车辆。
例句取自历年考研英语真题，翻译为机器生成，仅供学习参考。